George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert Barons Baltimore of Baltimore By William Hand Browne

George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert Barons Baltimore of Baltimore By William Hand Browne: "IT will be remembered that Governor Calvert when he laid the new conditions of plantation before the Jesuit fathers explained that they did not apply to lands already granted or promised It appears that he had conceived himself bound by express or implied promise to make considerable additional grants as we find his brother taking him to task for violating his orders in this letter of November 23d 1642

"GOOD BROTHER Just now I understand that notwithstanding my prohibition to the contrary another member of those of the Hill there hath by a sleight got aboard Mr Ingle's ship in the Downs to take his passage for Maryland which for divers respects I have reason to resent as a high affront unto me wherein if you do not that right unto me as I require from you in my instructions dated 20 October last I shall have just case to think that I have put my honour there in trust into ill hands This gentleman the bearer hereof Mr Territt will acquaint you more particularly with my mind herein and with the opinion and sense which divers pious and learned men here have to this odious and impudent injury offered unto most necessary to as the vindication of my honour as in time to prevent a growing mischief upon me unto whom wherefore I pray give credit Mr Gilmett will I know concur in opinion with him for upon divers consults had here before he went he was well satisfied what might and ought to be done upon such an occasion In case the man above mentioned who goes thither in contempt of my prohibition should be disposed of in some place out of my Province before you can lay hold of him for they are so full of shifts and devices as I believe they may perhaps send him to Pattomack town thinking by that means to avoid your power of sending him back into these parts and yet the affront to me remain and the danger of prejudice also be the same for whatsoever you may conceive of them who have no reason upon my knowledge to love them very much if you knew as much as I do concerning their speeches and actions here towards you I am upon very good reason satisfied in my judgment that they do design my destruction and I have too good cause to suspect that if they cannot make or maintain a party by degrees among the English to bring their ends they will endeavour to do it by the Indians within very short time by arming them &c against those that shall oppose them and all under of God's honour and the propagation of the faith which shall be the mask and vizard to their other designs withal If all things that clergymen should do upon these pretenses should be accounted just and to proceed from God, laymenwere the basest slaves and most wretched creatures upon the earth And if the greatest saint upon earth should intrude himself into my house against my will and in despite of me with intention to save the souls of all my family but withal give me just cause to suspect that he likewise designes my temporal destruction or that being already in my house doth actually practise it although withal he do perhaps many spiritual goods yet certainly I may and ought to preserve myself by the expulsion of such an enemy and by providing others to performe the spiritual good he did who shall not have any intention of mischief towards me for the law of nature teacheth this that it is lawful for every man in his own just defense vim vi repellere Those that will be impudent must be as impudently dealt withal In case I say that the party above mentioned should escape your hands by the means aforesaid which by all means prevent if possibly you can then I pray do not fail to send Mr Copley away from thence by the next shipping to those parts unless he will bring the other new comes into your power to send back again: and this I am satisfiedher that I may for divers reasons cause to be done The princes of Italy who are now up in arms against the Pope although they be Roman Catholics do not make any scruple of conscience by force of arms to vindicate the injury which they conceive he would have done unto the Duke of Parma by wresting a brave palace not far from Rome called Copreroly for one of the Pope's nephews nor do they much esteem his excommunications or bulls in that business for they believe them to be unjustly grounded and therefore of no validity.......

I understand that notwithstanding my prohibition the last year you did pass grants under my seal to those of the Hill of St Inigoes and other lands at St Mary's and also of a hundred acres of land at Pascataway some of which as I am informed you conceived in justice due unto them and therefore thought yourself obliged to grant them although it were contrary to my directions which to me seems very strange for certainly I have power to revoke any authority I have given you here either in whole or in part and if I had thought fit to have totally revoked your power of granting any lands there at all in my name certainly no man that is disinterested could think that you were bound nevertheless in conscience to usurp such an authority against my will because in justice divers planters ought to have grants from me for when I have revoked the power I gave you for that purpose any man else may as well as you undertake to pass grants my name and have as much obligation also in conscience to do it If those persons had had any just cause of complaint by having grants refused them it had been your part only to have referred them unto me who knew best my own reasons why I gave the aforesaid directions And for aught you know some accident might have happened here that it was no injustice in me to refuse them grants of any land at all and that by reason of some act of this state it might have endangered my life and fortune to have permitted them to have had any grants at all which I do not I assure you mention without good ground And I do once more strictly require you not to suffer any grants of any lands for the future to pass my seal here to any member of the Hill there nor to any other person in trust for them upon any pretense or claim whatsoever without especial warrant under my hand and seal to be hereafter obtained from me for that purpose So I rest your most affectionate loving Brother

The masters here of those of the Hill there did divers ways importune me to permit some of theirs to go this year thither insomuch as they have God forgive them for it caused a bitter falling out between my sister Peaseley and me and some discontentment also between me and her husband about it because I would not by any means give way to the going of any of the aforesaid persons

By 'those of the Hil"l the Jesuits are signified and by their masters the provincial and other high officers of the order in England The expression about providing others who shall not have any intention of mischief is an allusion to his design of having the Jesuits replaced by secular priests What grounds he had for his bitter feeling against the order and his conviction that they had evil designs toward him it is hard to surmise Even supposing that theyconcieved themselves unjustly treated by him to have overthrown his power would have been merely suicidal But he was irritated at their attempts to elude the agreement and their endeavours to enter the province by stealth and he was constantly aware that any action which gave a colour to the charge that he was making Maryland a seminary of Jesuits would be used with ruinous effect in England Even had there not been this danger we can clearly see that he meant to be master in his own house

He now reorganized his government issuing new commissions to the governor and council and making Secretary Lewger who had been active in the negotiations with the Jesuits judge in all causes testamentary and matrimonial thus placing these important matters definitely in lay hands From the foundation of the colony until King William took the government into his hands in 1692 the relations of church and state were as they have been since the American Revolution All forms of Christianity were allowed all Christians stood on an equal footing and all churches chapels and ministers were supported by voluntary contributions.

In the letter above cited which is very long are many other interesting particulars some of which we quote as we have hardly anything from the pen of Cecilius that is not formal and official and also because the letter is a recent discovery He writes I pray hasten the design you wrote unto me this year of bringing all the Indians of that province to surrender their interest and right to me, for I understood lately from a member of that body politic whom you call those of the Hill there that Mr White had a great deal of land given him at Pascat taway not long since by Kitamaquund before his death which he told me by accident not conceiving that that place was within my Province or that I had anything to do with it and I had some difficulty to satisfy him that it was within my Province By this you may perceive what ways these men go and of what dangerous consequence they are to me I pray do not forget also to prosecute effectually the business of the tribute from the Indians and the discovery of the red earth and to send me the quantity I desired with speed Kitamaquund was the emperor of Pascataway the same chief whom Leonard called his brother Portobacco He succeeded to his barbaric throne by murdering his brother Wannas and died without leaving brother or sister nominating his daughter as queen This the Indians rejected as contrary to immemorial usage as the royal dignity always descended in the female line the parentage of the mother being certain but that of the father uncertain Hence the lawful heirof a chief was his uterine brother or sister or failing those a sister's daughter In this case the direct line was the first time in thirteen generations and elected another descendant of the The rejected princess was educated by Mrs Brent who named her Mary Brent, after her sister. The" red earth" is probably a reference to a passage in Captain John Smith's narrative of his second voyage where he says that near the mouth of a river the Patapsco he observed a red clay like bole armeniac.

Skipped pages 127- 134 (It was a 17 page letter.)

As one of the chrges continually brought against Maryland was that it was a popish province ruled by Papists where the Protestants though largely outnumbering the Catholics lived in terror and oppression the proprietary removed Greene and replaced him by William Stone a Protestant well affected to the Parliament At the same time he reconstructed the council so as to give the Protestants a majority As the whole control of the government had now passed into Protestant hands he sent out new oaths of office for the governor and councillors binding them to molest or discountenance no one and in especial no Roman Catholic on account of his religion As the great seal of the province had been lost or stolen in the plundering time as Ingle's anarchy was called the proprietary sent out a new one of massive silver like the former It bore the Calvert and Crossland arms quarterly surmounted by the cap or coronet of a count palatine and above this the Calvert crest The supporters were a farmer and fisherman and beneath on a scroll was the Calvert motto 'Fatti Maschij Parole Femine". Behind was a mantle and surrounding all the legend Scuto Boncz Voluntatis Twz Coronasti Nos". This device is to this day the seal and symbol of Maryland On the other side was the effigy of the proprietary on horseback and in full armour surrounded. By a legend bearing his name and titles: "Cadlius Absolutes Dominus Ternz Maria et Avalo nia Baro de Baltimore". During all this time Baltimore seems to have warily kept clear of the political strife in England One curious anecdote relating to him is found in the autobiography of Alice Thornton and we give it for what it is worth The day before the execution of Charles I it is said Mr Rushworth asked her uncle to let him have the private use of a large room for that day for himself and certain friends which was granted Feeling some curiosity as to the purpose of this secret conclave he watched the persons who entered and recognized among others Lord Baltimore and Lilly the almanac maker and others suspected to be papists and fanatics which strange mixture did much surprise him Asking Mr Rush worth about it a few days later he was told that the assemblage was the close committee met to consult about the king's execution and that he and another were sent to the king in prison to entreat him to recede from his persistent protestation of his innocence and acknowledge himself to have been to some extent at fault in which case those from whom they came would save his life and replace him on his throne The king however was firm declared that he could not do this without wrong to his honour his cause and his conscience and if he could not have his life but upon such base compliance he was content to die." The messengers then sadly left him to his fate

Calendar of the Clarendon State Papers Preserved in the Bodleian Library By Bodleian Library, Edward Hyde Clarendon, William Dunn Macray, F. J. Routledge

Calendar of the Clarendon State Papers Preserved in the Bodleian Library By Bodleian Library, Edward Hyde Clarendon, William Dunn Macray, F. J. Routledge:

October 12, 1622- "it 209 Secretary Culvert to the Lord High Admiral (Buckingham), that tho Prince of Orange may be treated with to entertain Count Mnnsfcldt for one month more he having"made overture of a now descent into Germany Sir Dudley 1622 Carleton writes that Bethlem Gabor is taking up arms against the Emperor"
Copy By Windebank Cl 8 P vol I pi 210

October 12, 1622- "Secretary Calvert to John Digby Earl of Bristol Bt Martin i His Majesty will consent to yield that the children of the proposed marriage shall be brought up sub regimine matria till tho ago of nine instead of sovon years' Two Copies Cl SP vol 1"



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Jeopardy!

Went over to the St. Regis Hotel in Washington, DC today for my Jeopardy! audition. I had a great time!.

I took the Metro down and found the hotel easily. I went across the street and got a cup of Starbucks. It was 10:30 and I was glad to be early for an 11:30 audition.

I found a comfortable seat in a beautiful lobby and read some. I quickly found others waiting for the same audition session. One was a Navy wife from Norfolk and one was a retired teacher from San Antonio. (People will travel for this chance.)

I had taken the online 50 question test in January 2008. Jeopardy! never tells you your results, but I guess I did well enough and several weeks ago I got the email inviting me to the audition.

We went into a meeting room that held about 25 people. After some introductory remarks, Maggie, an energetic and very funny contestant coordinator, gave us some great Jeopardy! info and hints on how to play the game. The hints were important reminders like "Remember the categories" and "Look for the internal clues". We had the opportunity to ask any questions, but this crowd of Jeopardy! junkies had few questions.

We did a quick practice round, raising our hands for the answers. I blew my first question, but it is less about answering questions correctly and all about attitude.

We then took another 50 question test. I know I blew about 4, and about 4-5 more were good guesses. (We were asked not to share the answers and questions, so I won't.)

We were the called up 3 at a time to play a quick mock game. We got real buzzers! Each person got to answer 3 questions or so. The point was to see if you could remember the basics; answer in the form of a question (with gentle reminders), be ready to select the next question and speak up! I think I did OK with this part. One can fake confidence.

We were then asked to tell the Jeopardy! folks about ourselves. The asked questions about the 5 amusing facts or anecdotes we had been asked to supply. The bottom line here is to be ready to talk about yourself. When you're asked to "Tell us about yourself", talk! Don't ask "What do you wan to know?"

I told them where I work, the quick version of what I do, and that my job has let me sit in the cockpits of a U-2 and SR-71. True and unique.

Everyone was asked "What would you do with the money if you win?" Again, the best move was to have a clear answer. They know you're smart. They want to know if you can stand up and talk.

I tried out about 10 years ago. The process was slightly different and I didn't make it past the mock game.

Now, everyone is out into a contestant pool. If you scored well in both rounds and could speak up, you are eligible to be called for about 18 months. Demographics also plays a factor. They use about 400 contestants in a season.

We'll see. It was a fun experience. Maybe I'll get a call. Maybe I won't and I'll just have to continue playing at home.

It's out of my hands.

dkMommy Spot

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